Abstract: On November 8, 2024, the Energy Law of the People’s Republic of China was adopted by the Twelfth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People’s Congress and will come into force on January 1, 2025. The enactment of this law marks a significant milestone in China’s energy governance, addressing long-standing systemic gaps in legal regulation, market efficiency, and environmental sustainability. This essay begins with the historical and policy context behind the enactment, examining pre-legislation challenges and the drivers that necessitated this comprehensive framework. It then analyzes the legislative logic and key provisions of the law, including its emphasis on energy security, renewable energy development, market-oriented reforms, and technological innovation. Finally, it explores the broader implications of the law on China’s domestic energy policies and global energy leadership, highlighting its alignment with the country’s dual-carbon goals and commitment to sustainable development. Through this review, the essay aims to provide a deeper understanding of the significance of the Energy Law 2024, its transformative impact on China’s energy landscape, and its role in fostering a clean, secure, and efficient energy future.