Abstract: The civil litigation system for climate change in China is facing three practical dilemmas: first, difficulty in distinguishing it from traditional civil litigation cases, second, uncertainty in litigation objects, strategies between climate change litigation and traditional litigation, and third, the over-expansion of the social function of climate justice. It is necessary to reshape the civil litigation system for climate change in China. This article argues that the rights and obligations of climate change litigation should be constructed based on the quantifiable temperature control targets and NDCs of the Paris Agreement and China's emission reduction obligations. This should be the core standard to distinguish between broad and narrow climate change litigation according to the relevance of individual cases, and special adjustments in line with China's situations should be made through the interpretation of the CBDR principle. Under China's current legal system, the trial of broad climate change litigation still follows traditional litigation rules, and a restrained and cautious attitude towards climate policy and narrow climate change litigation should be maintained before climate change legislation is further developed.